Anatolii Volodymyrovych Peshko was born on February 12, 1963, in Korostyshiv, Zhytomyr region, into a family of doctors. Continuing his parents' business, he entered Kyiv Medical University (now Bogomolets National Medical University), graduating with honors in 1986 and was elected a Lenin Scholar. He then worked and studied in clinical residency and postgraduate studies at the university. 

After defending his PhD thesis, he continued to work as an assistant at the Department of Internal Medicine No. 1 of Kyiv Medical University. From 1994 to 1999, he combined work and studies at the Interregional Academy of Personnel Management, where he received a second degree in Banking. In 1997, he qualified as a specialist in securities trading. In 1999, he defended his doctoral dissertation on “State regulation of entrepreneurship in the period of transition to the market.”

In August 2017, the book “Out of the Darkness” was published, which presents a paradigm for preventing the social and economic collapse of Ukraine. It is a biographical and political-psychological essay about the search by scientist, businessman, and public activist Anatolii Peshko for a way out of the multifaceted crisis. The book was published with the support of The Academy of Economic Sciences of Ukraine, the Academy of Social Management, scientific and creative organizations, whose active member is the hero of this work. The team of 11 authors who wrote the historical and biographical book dedicated to Academician A.V. Peshko was awarded a diploma in the nomination “Professional Edition.” In December 2017, the book “Abstracts of Academician A.V. Peshko” was published.